林权流转分析及激励路径研究

对林权及林权流转概念进行了界定,并以此为基础,以市场要素分析和规模报酬分析为视角,对林地流转发生的可行性和必然性进行了分析,提出了搭建林权流转服务平台、完善流转市场竞争机制和加快林权流转的配套措施等激励林权流转的政策建议.     

7种季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂对啶虫脒在防治烟粉虱的增效作用评价

采用温室盆栽法研究了7种季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂对啶虫脒在防治烟粉虱的增效作用,为阳离子助剂在杀虫剂领域的开发利用提供一定的依据。结果表明：季铵盐阳离子1227、12143、31506与啶虫脒混用,在高浓度（200mg/L）处理下增效作用明显;1427、31551、31527与啶虫脒混用可延长其持效期;31503无增效作用。     

长春市6种绿化树种固碳释氧价值核算

通过测定长春市6种常见绿化植物净光合速率及绿量,计算出其固碳释氧能力,并运用碳税法及工业制氧成本法计算此6种树木日固碳释氧价值。结果表明：所选6种植物中,京桃（Prunuspersicafrubro-plena）、银中杨（Poplusalba’Berolinensis’L．）固碳释氧能力最强,其日固碳释氧价值最高,火炬树（RhustyphinaNutt）、（Prunusarmeniaca）、樟子松（Pinussylvestrisvar．mongolicaLitv．）、旱柳（salixma㈨dana）固碳释氧能力较弱,目固碳释氧价值最低。     

景区空间结构演化对区域旅游经济的影响——————-以吉林省为例

旅游景区的空间结构是旅游资源在地理空间上的投影,是区域旅游发展状态及潜力的重要指示器。运用数理统计和地理信息空间分析方法,对2006年、2008年、2010年吉林省A级旅游景区的空间结构演化进行分析,探讨A级景区空间结构演化对区域旅游经济产生的影响。结果表明：吉林省A级旅游景区呈现“大分散、小集中”的特征,在空间上集聚度增加,集聚点增多;景区的空间结构变化导致旅游经济重心呈东南移动趋势,2008年后中部景区集聚度的增强及西部集聚区增加,导致重心移动趋势变弱。     

“中国野生动物之乡”命名活动

野生动物是自然生态系统的重要组成部分,在促进人与自然和谐发展、维护生态平衡等方面发挥着重要作用。为了加强野生动物资源的保护,调动野生动物栖息地地区公众保护鸟类的积极性,提高公众野生动物保护的意识,促进人口、资源、环境和经济的协调发展,中国野生动物保护协会自2004年起在全国组织开展了“中国野生动物之乡”命名活动,受到了社会各界的广泛欢迎。截止2011年8月,中国野生动物保护协会共在全国23个省（区、市）命名了50个“中国野生动物之乡”。作为野生动物保护宣传的新模式,“中国野生动物之乡”对于加大提高公众的保护意识,树立地方的生态品牌,调动社会各界的保护积极性起到了促进作用。     

不同利用方式对新源县春秋草地土壤理化性质的影响

通过调查确定了新源县则克台镇春秋草地的4种利用方式：打草、自由放牧、分段放牧、划区轮牧,对比分析了不同利用方式下的土壤理化性质。结果表明,自由放牧方式土壤砂粒含量最高,平均达到21.23%,粉粒含量最低,且在10～20 cm土层显著高于划区轮牧方式（P<0.05）。4种利用方式下,土壤容重为1.08～1.26 g·cm-3,土壤没有表现出压实效应。放牧利用方式下土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷含量高于打草地,其中,划区轮牧和自由放牧草地土壤有机质含量高于分段放牧方式,自由放牧方式仅使土壤表层碱解氮显著升高,其土壤速效钾和有效磷的含量均低于分段放牧和划区轮牧。因此,划区轮牧和分段放牧是研究区较为合理的利用方式,可防止土壤养分降低。但是,与划区轮牧相比,分段放牧使土壤表层砂粒含量增高,容重增大,有机质含量降低,所以,采用分段放牧时,应适当降低利用强度。     

A serological survey of Akabane virus infection in cattle and sheep in northwest China

Purpose

Akabane disease characterized mainly by fetal damage is a ruminant disease caused by insect-transmitted Akabane virus infection.

Methods

We investigated Akabane disease using serum neutralization tests in 446 blood samples collected from 187 cattle and 259 sheep of Xinjiang province, northwest China.

Results

(1) The overall prevalence rate of neutralizing antibody was 19.06?% (85/446), (2) the prevalence rates of Akabane disease in cattle and sheep were 20.32?% (38/187) and 18.15?% (47/259), respectively, (3) the disease prevalence rates were not significantly different between cattle and sheep, but significantly different among samples collected from different sampling months, (4) the disease was most prevalent in July when mosquitoes and culicoides were most active, and (5) the disease prevalence rates were significantly different between individuals with abortion experience and without abortion experience (P?<?0.05), suggesting that Akabane virus infection may significantly increase abortion risk in cattle and sheep.

Conclusions

To our knowledge, this is the first report confirming that Akabane virus infection is common in cattle and sheep of Xinjiang province, northwest China and providing useful epidemiological information for cattle and sheep abortion prevention and control.     

pH值对星突江鲽消化酶活性的影响

实验通过改变酶反应中的pH值,分析了星突江鲽蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶的活性。结果表明,胃、肠和肝胰腺蛋白酶活性的最适pH值分别为3.8、8.2和7.8,各消化部位的最高点蛋白酶活性从高到低为:胃>肝胰腺>肠。胃、肠和肝胰腺淀粉酶活性的最适pH值分别为6.6、7.4和7.0,各消化部位的最高点淀粉酶活性从高到低为:肠>肝胰腺>胃。胃、肠和肝胰腺脂肪酶活性的最适pH值分别为7.4、7.8和7.8。各消化部位的最高点脂肪酶活性从高到低为:肝胰腺>肠>胃。     

Cryptosporidium spp. in quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) in Henan, China: molecular characterization and public health significance

The prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. was investigated in scale quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) farms in Henan Province, China between September 2006 and August 2007. One thousand eight hundred and eighteen fecal samples from 47 quail farms in five areas were collected for the examination of Cryptosporidium oocysts. The overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium was 13.1% (95% CI 13.1±1.6%) (29 of 47 farms), with 72-100-day-old quails having the highest prevalence (23.6%, 95% CI 23.6±2.6%) (χ(2)=64.91; ρ<0.01). The highest prevalence was observed in autumn (21.8%, 95% CI 21.8±3.1%) and the lowest in winter (χ(2)=74.83; ρ<0.01). Two hundred and thirty-nine Cryptosporidium-positive samples were analyzed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene, and 42 were further analyzed by DNA sequencing of the PCR products. Two Cryptosporidium species were identified, Cryptosporidium baileyi in 237 birds on 29 farms, and potentially zoonotic Cryptosporidium meleagridis in only two birds on two farms. These findings may suggest that quails are not a major source of zoonotic Cryptosporidium in the study area.